Hair waving machine



March 28, 1939. F, CQN|| 2,152,583

HAIR WAVING MACHINE Filed Jan. 25, 1957 6 Sheets-Sheet l March 28, 1939. F. o. coNlLl. 2,152,583

HAIR WAVING MACHINE Filed Jan. 23, 1957 5 Sheets-Sheet 2Y .March 28, 1939- F. o. coNlLl.

HAIR WAVING MACHINE Filed Jan.v 23, 1957 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 F. O. CONILL HAIR WAVING MACHINE March 28, 1939.

Filed Jan. 2:5, 1957 6 ShJeets-Sheet 4 March 28, 1939. F. o. coNlLL HAIR WAVING MACHINE 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 Flled Jan 23, Ffa. 7.

F. o. coNlLL 2,152,583

HAIR wAvING MACHINE 6 Sheets-Sheet- 6 Filed Jan. 25, 19157 March 28, 1939.

mm IIIII: f

Patented Mar. 28, 1939 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE HAIR WAVING MACHINE Fernan O. Conill, New York, N. Y.

Application January 23, 1937, Serial No. 122,056 In France April 27, 1936 13 Claims.

This invention relates to hair waving apparatus and more particularly to an apparatus in which superheated steam is employed as the hair treating medium.

An object of my invention is to provide a hair waving apparatus which generates its own steam. Another object of my invention is to provide a hair waving apparatus, the operation of Which may be timed by a coin-controlled mechanism.

Still another object of my invention is to provide a hair waving machine having a coin-controlled timing mechanism which may be interrupted before the completion of its predetermined timed cycle.

A still further object of my invention is to provide a hair Waving apparatus which prevents danger of injury to the person being treated.

Yet another object of my invention is to devise a hair waving machine which provides automatically controlled features to prevent injury to the apparatus due to non-functioning of any of the several elements promoting its operation.

A still further object of my invention is to provde a hair Waving apparatus which is provided with a signal for informing the operator that the parting from the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

Briefly, my invention comprises Winding a lock of hair on a bobbin which is positioned Within a hair treating chamber.

The hair is automatically wound on the bobbin by means of a drive connection.

A suitable arrangement is provided Whereby the tension exerted by the hair on the bobbin when it is completely Wound, will disconnect the bobbin from the drive connection.

The steam for treating the hair is generated in a boiler which is an integral part of the apparatus.

The steam is conducted from the boiler to the waving chamber by a flexible conduit. A second exible conduit surrounds and is conce-ntric with the first-mentioned conduit. The second conduit is used for carrying away the steam after it has circulated through the Waving cham.-

By having the outgoing conduit surrounding the incoming conduit, there can be no condensation of the steam going into the hair treating chamber.

After the steam leaves the treating chamber it is mixed with air and is withdrawn by a suction fan. The condensed water is carried to a slide drawer from which it can be removed in any desired manner.

Prior to its entry into the hair waving chamber, the steam is superheated by passage over an electrical heating element. A switch interposed in the circuit will break the circuit to the heating element when the steam has attained a certain pressure. Moreover, the current, as well as the generation of steam, can be governed by a switch 15 arrangement which is actuated by a timing mechanism.

Inasmuch as the timing mechanism is a coincontrolled device, it is necessary to deposit a coin therein, which, when it drops into a reservoir, causes the timing mechanism to operate, and the current necessary for the functioning of the system is established.v Near the end of the operation of the timing mechanism, the operator of the machine is warned by the ringing of a buzzer, and finally a switch which is actuated by the timing mechanism breaks the electrical circuit and stops movement of the timer.

In order to make my invention more clearly understood, I have shown in the accompanying drawings means for carrying the same into practical effect without limiting the improvements in their useful applications to the particular construction, Which, for the purpose of explanation, have been made the subject of illustration.

In the drawings,

Figure 1 is an elevational view, partly in section, showing my invention;

Figure 2 is a diagrammatic showing of the wiring circuit;

Figure 3 is an elevational view, partly in section, showing my boiler;

Figure 4 is a sectional view of my socket meinber;

Figure 5 is a view taken along the line 5-5 of Figure 4;

Figure 6 is a view taken. along the line 6 6 of Figure 3;

Figure 7 is a top plan view of the timing mechanism;

Figure 8 is a View taken along the line 8-8 of Figure 7, looking in the direction of the arrows;

Figure 9 is a view taken along the line 9 9 of Figure '7, looking in the direction of the arrows;

Figure 10 is a View taken along the line III-l0 of Figure 7, looking in the direction of the arrows;

Figure 11 is a longitudinal section of my waving mechanism;

Figure 12 is a horizontal sectional view of the machine shown in Figure 11.

Referring now to the drawings, and more particularly to Figure 1, there is shown a housing I which is suitably supported upon a base 2. The base 2 contains a slide drawer 3 and a transformer 4. The slide drawer 3 is employed as a trap for the condensed water withdrawn from the Waving machine.

A horizontal support element 5 is suitably affixed to the interior of the housing I. A valve casing 6 is attached tothe base 2 by bolts, as shown at 1. A steam generator or boiler 8 of small capacity is positioned above and supported on a shaft 9. Positioned in the upper portion of the housing is a coin-controlled timing mechanism I0 which is supported by an upright bracket II secured to the horizontal support 5. A coin reservoir I2 is positioned below the timing mechanism I0 for receiving the coins deposited there- Positioned in the housing is a pilot light unit IIJ comprising lamps which may be viewed through colored lens I8 in the wall of the housing.

An electric motor I3 is also aflixed to the support 5 and a suction fan I4 is attached to the top of the motor. A socket I6 is mounted in an aperture I1 adjacent the top of the housing and into the socket is xed one end of a flexible conduit I9, the opposite end of which carries the waving machine, depicted generally at I8.

Referring more specifically to Figures 1l and 12, my waving machine I8 is shown somewhat in detail. This hair waving unit is fully described in my copending application Ser. No. 108,485 filed October 30, 1936, and therefore only a brief description will be given here.

Thev Waving machine comprises an insulated handle 20, in one end of which is fixed the flexible conduit I9, which contains the steam inlet and outlet conduits 2'! and 22, the flexible drive cable 23, and a superheater line 24. Into the opposite end of the handle is tted a cylinder 25 comprising a steam superheating chamber 26 and a hair treating chamber 21 in which the lock of hair to be waved is contained. The chambers 26 and 21 are separated by a rotary valve 28. i

The open end of the hair treating chamber 2'1 is sealed by a shutter 29 which is actuated by a pinion 30 and rack 3I which is moved by a cam 32 attached to an operating knob 33.

Within the handle 20 is contained the mechanism for winding a lock ofl hair. This mechanism is driven by the flexible cable 23 and comprises a clutch 34, one member of which is driven by the cable 23, the coacting member being splined to one end of a spindle 35. A pivoted bell crank lever 36 is interposed between springs 31 and 3 3 and actuated by a button 39 in the handle and functions to engage and disengage the clutch. The faces of this clutch are so arranged that when a certain tension has been exerted on the wound lock of hair, the faces will override each other to prevent further winding.

However, as is well known, inl waving a lock of hair it is necessary to wind the hair tightly. In order to accomplish this, a ratchet Wheel 40 is provided on the spindle 35. The ratchet wheel 40 and the spindle 35' are rotated bykmeans of a lever 4I to which is attached a pawl 42. A back pawl 43 is provided to prevent reverse rotation of the ratchet. The spindle 35 extends forwardly into the hair treating chamber 21 and carries on its end a tapered arbor 44. This arbor is adapted to t into a socket 45 in one end of a bobbin 45. The bobbin 46 is removable from the chamber 21 and is held on the arbor by means of a helical key which cooperates with helical grooves in the socket 45.

The incoming steam from the boiler 8 passes from the conduit 2| through a duct 41 into the superheating chamber, where it passes over a heating coil 49. As shown diagrammatically in Figure 2, the coil 49 is grounded at one end, designated 58 in Figure 11. The opposite end is connected to the lead wire 24 from the transformer 4. After being superheated, the steam enters a hair treating chamber through an orifice 5I where it cornes in contact with and heats the hair wound on the bobbin.

After the steam leaves the hair treating chamber, it again passes through the valve and enters into a duct 52' which is in communication with the return conduit 22, as shown at 53 in Figure 12.

Also tted into the handle 20 and positioned below the cylinder is a trough-like guard member 55 which is provided with an air duct 56. The air duct 56 is in communication with the exible conduit 22, and through -this arrange-1 ment, with the suction fan I4. During the wav-n ing operation, it is this guard portion of the apparatus which is constantly in contact with the head of the person being treated. Inasmuch as air is being continuously drawn through the duct, it will of course keep the guard cool and prevent scalp burns, which are so common in the conventional type of hair waving apparatus.

An aperture 58 is provided in the trough of the guard and communicates with the air passage. This aperture provides an aspirating orifice through which any condensed steam which should fall in the trough may be removed to the slide drawer 3 in the base of the casing 2.

As pointed out, the flexible conduit I9 carries the steam inlet and outlet conduits 2I and 22, the drive 23, and the lead wire 2'4 to the superheater in the steam chamber. 'Ihe boiler 8 for generating the steam to be supplied to the conduit ZI and the waving machine I8 is perhaps best depicted in Figure 3.

I have found that to devise an eicient boiler of small capacity, it is necessary -to provide a constant water feed which is proportional to the consumption of the steam in order to assure a constant and equal flow of the steam. This can be accomplished by automatically utilizing the changes in the weight of the boiler 8.

Inasmuch as the boiler 8 is completely covered in my copending application, I shall describe the boiler briefly.

As heretofore pointed out, the boiler 8 is supported above the Valve casing 6 by a shaft 9. The boiler comprises an inner and outer shell SG and iii, respectively. Heat insulating material 62 is placed between the shells 60 and EI. A tube 53 is centrally arranged with respect to the inner and outer shells. Suitably secured to the outer shell at the top and bottom portions thereof are closure members 64 and 65.

A spacer bushing 66 is threaded onto the upper end of the tube 63 and is positioned between the top member 64 andthe inner shell. A cap 61 is also screwed onto the end of the tube 63 and nts snugly within the spacer bushing. A hanged nut 68 is screwed onto the opposite end of the tube 83 within the bottom portion 05. A second nut 89 is also screwed'onto the end portion of the tube on the outside of the bottom member. It will be appreciated that a steam-tight t between the tube 63 and the inner shell 80 may be effected by brazing or some other suitable method. The shaft extends through the tube and is secured to the top portion of the valve casing, as as 10. The other extremity of the shaft extends through a cross bar 13 and is held in position by a nut 14. Threaded rods 15 extend through apertures adjacent the ends of the cross bar and nuts 16 hold the rods in proper position. One of the free ends of a spring 11 is tted to each of the rods 15.

A pair of radial arms 18 are suitably secured to the bottom 65 of the boiler. These arms are likewise provided with threaded rods 15 which are attached to the ends of the arms and carry the opposite free ends of the springs 11. The springs 11 are adapted to normally force the boiler 8 toward the cross bar.

Also carried by the cross bar 13 at one of its ends is a bracket 19. The bracket 19 supports a lever arm 80 which is pro-vided with a downturned portion 8| which is adapted to contact the top 64 of the boiler. A counterweight 82 is also carried by the arm 80 and also serves as a stop member by engaging the cross bar 13. A clip 83 is supported by the bracket and carries a mercury switch 84 therein. The arm 80 and the clip 83 yare adjustably mounted on the upright 'E9 so that they may be adjusted to suit any desired condition.

As the boiler is adapted to be vertically displaced, and in order to concentrically locate the shaft and the tube B3 and to permit free movement of the boiler, the cap 61 and the nut 89 are provided with anti-friction rollers 85.

The following valve arrangement has been devised so that the water may be fed proportionately to the consumption of the steam. A lever arm 86 is pivotally mounted in an aperture as at 31. The pivotal connection 81 carries .a pair of depending arms 88. The lever arm 8B is provided with an oiset portion 90 which carries an adjustable stop 9| which is adapted to be contacted by the bottom 65 of the boiler 8 when the weight of the boiler increases. The depending arms 88 are secured to a collar 92 by means of pins 93. Apertures 94 are provided in the collar. Attached to the collar at one end thereof are a pair of flexible conduits 95 and 96. The conduit 95 is secured at its free end to a disc 91 which is suitably aixed to the end wall of the casing. A tting 98 is screwed into the disc 91. The above described structure comprises the egress portion of my feeding valve.

The conduit 98 is secured at its free end to the inner section 99 of the chamber |00. Suitable washers are interposed between the inner section 99 and the outer section |0| of the chamber and they also serve to support a screen |82. Obviously, this screen will prevent any foreign matter, such as grit, which might be in the water from entering the boiler. The outer section il is connected to a suitable source of water by a hose connection |03. The inner section 99 is provided with an adjustable valve |-04 which is centrally screwed therein. Rubber washer is held in place by a nut |06 and will prevent any leakage around this valve. A sleeve |01 is tted onto the end. portion of the fitting |04 and a needle |88 extends therethrough and is adapted to open and close the valve |04. The stem |09 of the needle is adapted'to contact the central portion of the collar 92. This valve structure constitutes the automatic feeding arrangement for the Water.

Secured to the fitting 98 by a screw cap I0 is the end tting I|| of a ilexible conduit H2. The other end of the flexible conduit terminates in a sleeve |3 which is tted into an elbow |4 which extends through apertures in the bottom 65 of the boiler and the lower wall of the inner shell 60. This fitting of course is provided with a central bore in order to permit the water to enter into the boiler.

A similar elbow tting ||5 having connected thereto a flexible conduit ||6 is provided in the upper portion of the boiler. A safety valve |1 is also provided in the top of the boiler.

Extending through openings in the lower wall of the inner shell are a pair of cup-shaped members i8, each of which is provided with a flanged ring ||9 which is soldered to the inner shell. Electrical heating elements, depicted generally at |20, `are screwed up into the cups l |8. The heating elements are provided with terminals |2| which extend downwardly therefrom through apertures in the bottom closure of the outer shell. Suitable insulating discs |22 are provided on the terminals to form a closure for the openings in the bottom member 65.

Contact points |24 extend through apertures |25 in the upright portion |28 of the casing for connection with a source of electrical energy, such as the plug |21 shown in Figure l. Insulating washers |28 are fitted onto the contacts to insulate the same from the metal casing.

The iiexible conduit ||6 is in communication with the steam inlet conduit 2| of the waving machine I8 and communicates with the boiler 8 through a four-way connection |30 which is screwed into an aperture |3| in the upper portion of the socket I6.

The socket IB is provided with a bore |32. A metallic plug |35, which carries the flexible tube |9, is tted within the bore |32 of the socket. A flanged screw cap |36 which is screwed on the end of the socket holds the plug and its associated parts in proper position. The plug |35 is provided with longitudinal bores |31, |31' and |38 into which are tted the ends of the conduits 2| and 22 and the flexible transmission cable 23 respectively. rIhe lead wire 24 to the heating coil 49 in the steam chamber extends through an aperture |39 in the plug in which is fitted a suitable insulating bushing |40. The steam outlet conduit 22 communicates with an aperture |4| in the plug by means of a passageway |42. As shown in Figure 4, the aperture |4| communicates with an elbow |43 which is secured to the lower portion of the socket beneath the bore |32,

as indicated at |44. The other end of the elbow |43 is fixed to and communicates with the interior of the suction fan I4. A conduit I4 is attached to the discharge side of the fan |4. The oppsite end of the conduit I4 connects with a passage 3 which is in communication with the interior of the receptacle 3.

A tapered fitting |45 is screwed into the aperture |33 which communicates with the aperture |3| in the socket and the tapered end thereof ts into a tapered portion |48 of the bore |31 so as to permit the steam from the boiler 8 to pass into the inlet conduit 2 I.

The exible transmission cable 23 is secured to a drive Shait |48 which extends through the socket by means of a splined coupling |49. The

coupling |49 is provided with an enlarged portion |50 which is held in position by an internally shouldered cap V|5| which is screwed into the plug |35. The shaft |48 carries a pulley |52 at its outer extremity.

Referring now to Figure 1, it can be seen that the shaft |53 of the motor carries a small pulley |54 and a large pulley |55 at its outer end. A drive belt |56 is fitted around pulleys 54 and |52 for transmitting rotary motion to the drive shaft |48, which will in turn drive exible cable 23 through the coupling |49. It will of course be readily appreciated that this movement will be transmitted to the bobbin to permit the lock of hair to be Wound thereon, as previously pointed out.

The drive shaft |51 of the suction fan also carries a pulley |58. The belt |59 is fitted around the large pulley |54 on the drive shaft of the motor and the pulley |58 for transmitting motion to the suction fan. Thus it can be seen that as long as the motor is operated, the fan and the drive shaft |48 will be continuously driven.

As shown in Figure 1 a pressure gauge |60 is fixed in an aperture in the wall of the housing l for indicating the pressure of the steam in the boiler 8. A flexible conduit |6| is secured at one end to the gauge and at the other end to the four-way connection |30. It will be appreciated that this gauge will permit the user to be informed of the pressure in the boiler 8.

Referring now to Figure 4, it can be seen that an upright bracket |63 is secured to the socket as indicated at |64. The bracket carries a contact |65 and a terminal |66. Fitting within the connection |30 is a bellows |61 which is provided With a contact point |68. The contact point |68 is adapted to make contact with the point |65 when the pressure attained in the boiler B is suflicient to expand the bellows so as to move point |68 into engagement with point |65. As will later become apparent, this structure will permit the feeding of electrical current to the transformer 4 and thence to the heating element 49 contained within the steam heating chamber of the Waving unit I8.

As has heretofore been pointed out, the operation of the system is controlled by a timing mechanism I0 which is actuated by a coin-controlled device. This timing mechanism is perhaps best depicted in Figures 7 to 10 inclusive. Broadly, the timer consists of a casing |10 in which is positioned two mercury switches |1| and |12 which are series connected in the feeding circuit. Also carried in the casing is a gear train |13 whose speed may be varied by an escapement |14. A coin-actuated device |15 operates a bar |16 to wind the spring of the gear train 13. A counting mechanism |11 is also actuated by the bar |16. A buzzer |18 is provided so as to inform the operator of the machine that the duration of the waving operation is nearing its completion.

Referring more specifically to the timing mechanism and especially Figure 8, I have shown a bracket |80 which is suitably xed to the bottom of the casing |10. A shaft |8| is centrally positioned with respect to the bracket and is suitably journaled in the bottom of the casing. The shaft extends through an aperture in the top of the bracket and is provided with a collar |82. A lever arm |83 is keyed to the upper end of the shaft and is provided at its outer end with a finger grip |84.V As best shown in Figure 10, the arm |83 extends through an elongated aperture |85 provided in the wall of the housing The aperture |85 is of such size as to limit the movement of the arm |83. Also secured to the shaft |3| immediately below the arm |83 is a ratchet Wheel |86. A spring pressed pawl |81 is secured to the lower portion of the lever arm |83 which engages the teeth of the ratchet Wheel.

Suitably secured to the ratchet wheel is a revoluble disk |88 which is provided with a plurality of notches |89 located in the outer periphery of the disk. A spring-pressed dog |90 is adapted to engage the notches |89 for a purpose which Will later become apparent. A plurality of diametrically opposed openings |9| of sufficient diameter to receive a coin are provided in the disk. The housing is also provided with an aperture |92 to permit access to one of the openings |9|.

Also carried by the Shaft 8| is a segmental member |93 the configuration of which is shown in dotted lines in Figure 7. The member |93 carries a gear |94 along its outer edge. The bracket |80 is provided with an aperture |95 located above the coin reservoir.

The gear |94 meshes with a gear wheel |96 of the gear train |13. Secured to the gear wheel |96 is a smaller gear |91. The gear |91 is adapted to mesh with teeth |98 provided in the bar |16. As clearly shown in Figure 7, the bar |16 is supported in guides |99.

Also carried b-y the staff 200 on which is mounted the gear Wheels |96 and |91 is a clock spring 20| which is wound by rotating the staff 200 through medium of the lever arm |83. A ratchet 202 is pinned to the staff 200 and a pawl 202 is provided on the large gear |13 of the gear train |13 for the purpose of imparting motion thereto. The escapement 14 is provided with an adjustable Weight 203 so that the speed of the timing mechanism may be varied by shifting the weight on its associated rod.

Mounted in brackets 204 is a shaft 205 which carries at one end thereof the mercury switch 51|. The other extremity of the shaft 205 carries an arm 206 which extends over the bar |16. A spring 201 is adapted to hold the switch in either the on or off position.

A plunger rod 208 extends through an Aaperture in the casing |10 and is provided with an operating button 209 at its outer end. The plunger is journaled in a collar 2|0 secured to the inside Wall of the casing. The rod 208 carries an arm Z|| which is adapted to move in an elongated slot provided in the clip 2|2 of the switch |12. A pin 2|3 adjacent the end of the rod 208 engages the rod of the escapement |14 to arrest movement of the gear train. Obviously, it is necessary to withdraw the plunger 208 in order to begin operation of the system.

Pins 2|4, 2|5 and 2| 6 are'provided on the bar |16. A lateral projection 2|1 is also carried at the end of the slide |16 for tripping a bell crank lever 2| 8 mounted in a bracket 2|9 carried by one of the guides |99. A link 220 connects the crank arm with the counting mechanism 11 through the operating lever 22|.

Let us assume a coin has been deposited` in the aperture |9|. The coin falls through the aperture and rests on the upper wall of the bracket |80 and the edge thereof abuts the segment |93 and the periphery of one of the apertures |9|. The handle |83 is then turned carrying With it the disk |15 and the segment |93 by means of the coin which Will slide on the bracket until it arrives above the aperture |95. When the coin reaches` thisv point. it will, of course, fall through the apertureinto the coin reservoir.

v'Ihis movement of the disk and the segment |93 through the medium of the gear |94 and gear |96 winds the spring 20| of the gear train |13. Likewise, the smaller gear |91 moves the bar |16 toward the right. In the course of its movement the pin 2 I4 will engage the arm 206 and move the mercury switch |1| to its on position thereby establishing an electrical circuit. This movement of the bar will cause the lug 2|1 to engage the crank arm 2|8 to operate the counting mechanism |11.

When the arm |83 is released after completing its cycle, the spring 223 on the shaft |8| will bring the arm |83 back to its initial position.

It will be readily appreciated that the system is now ready to function. The plunger rod 208 is then pulled out freeing the escapement |14 and permitting the operation of the gear train. The slide |15 will then start to move in an inverse direction through medium of the gear train |13. This movement continues until the pin 2|5 trips the arm 206 of the switch |1| whereby the electrical circuit will be broken. However, in the event it is desired to interrupt operation or to stop it before the completion of the timed cycle, the plunger rod 208 is actuated to engage the pin 2|3 with the escapement rod. This will arrest the timing mechanism and also trip the mercury switch |12 to break the electrical circuit.

Connected in series with the buzzer |18 is a switch 225 adapted to be actuated by the pin 2|6 on the bar |16. When the bar |16 nears the completion of its movement, this pin will close the switch 225 to complete the electrical circuit to the buzzer |18 to warn the operator that the timing device is near the completion of. its function. As described later, this switch 225 is also connected in series with the main operating circuit and obviously will cease its function when the switch |1I is moved by the bar |16 to its off position.

It will be readily appreciated from the foregoing that I have devised a hair waving machine which is provided with automatically controlled features to prevent injury to the machine due to the non-functioning of any of the elements effecting its operation. Moreover, the apparatus prevents any danger of injury to the hair or scalp of the person being treated.

The function of the electrical units of the apparatus is perhaps best understood by reference to the wiring circuit shown in Figure 2.

When the contact points |24, |24' are connected with a source of electrical energy, current flows from point |24 through a common lead 300 to the primary coil of the transformer 4; the mid point of the heating element |20; one terminal of the motor I3 and to the common lead of. the pilot lamps I'.

Current from point |24 flows through lead 30| through switches |1|, |12 and 84 which are serially connected and thence to the point 302. From point 302, the current iiows through a line 304 to the heaters |20 completing the circuit thereto. The current also passes from point 302 through a lead 305 to the other terminal of the motor and through a lead 394 to the pilot light I0.

Let us assume that a coin has been deposited in the coin control and the timing mechanism has been set in operation. ThisI will of course complete a circuit to the main switch I1| and by manually operating the plunger 208 the switch |12 is also closed. As soon as suicient watery has been fed into the boiler, the switch 84 no current is being fed to the heater 49.

will close and current will be supplied to the heating elements |20. At this time the circuit is completed to the white pilot lamp I0'. The heating elements will generate steam in the boiler which will collect in the upper portion thereof and will leave through conduit I|6. When suflicient steam pressure is attained, it will expand the bellows |61 making contact between points |65 and |68 and comple-te the circuit to the red pilot light I0 and to the primary of the transformer 4. Current will be induced to the secondary of the transformer and will complete the circuit to the coil 49 in the hand Waver i8. The secondary is grounded at 309 and the coil 49 is grounded at 50. The transformer will ieed current to the heating element 49 in the chamber 26 for superheating the steam before its passage into the hair treating chamber 21.

In order to minimize the danger of electric shock from the waving machine I8, a low voltage is supplied to the heating element 49.

As soon as the steam pressure is diminished the bellows will contract and break the circuit to the red pilot light I0 and to the heating element 49 in the waving machine. It isi apparent, therefore, that when the red lamp l0 is off, As soon as the predetermined cycle of the timing mechanism is completed, switch |1I will break the circuit and as the switches |1|, |12 and 84 are serially connected, the operation of the apparatus will be arrested. If for any reason it is desired to cease operation before the cycle is completed, manual actuation ,of switch |12 will likewise break the circuit and stop the functioning of the machine.

If from accidental stoppage of the water line or from any other reason that might cause the water in the boiler to fall to a criticallevel which might cause damage, the switch 84 will be actuated to open the circuit to the heating elements |20.

The switch 225 which is connected in series with the buzzer |18 and with the low voltage line from the transformer 4 is adapted to complete the circuit to the buzzer when the timing mechanism has reached the completion of its cycle.

It is contemplated that I can change the mechanism for coin control to one which will register the time of operation of the machine, so that a charge can be made for the use of the machine on a time basis.

While I have shown and described the preferred embodiment of my invention, I wish it to be understood that I do not confine myself to the precise details of construction' herein set forth, by way of illustration, as it is apparent that many changes and variations may be made therein, by those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit of the invention, -or exceeding the scope of the appended claims,

I claim:

1. In an apparatus for waving hair, a waving mechanism, an electrically operated device for generating steam, a conduit associated with said device for conveying steam to the waving mechanism, a second conduit concentric with said rst conduit for conveying the steam from the waving mechanism after the waving operation.

2, In an apparatus for waving hair, a waving mechanism, a boiler for generating steam, a conduit associated with said boiler and said hair waving mechanism to convey steam to the hair waving mechanism, and a second vconduit concentric with the rst conduit for conveying the steam from the waving mechanism after the waving operation.

3. In an apparatus for waving hair, a waving mechanism, an electrically operated boiler for generating steam, a conduit associated with said boiler and said hair waving mechanism to convey steam to the hair waving mechanism, and a second conduit concentric with and surrounding the rst conduit for conveying the steam from the Waving mechanism after the waving operation.

4. In an apparatus for waving hair, a waving mechanism, an electrically operated boiler for generating steam, a flexible conduit connected with said boiler and the waving mechanism for conveying steam from the boiler to the waving mechanism, -a second flexible conduit concentric with and surrounding the nrst conduit for conveying the steam from the waving mechanism after the waving operation, and means associated with said second conduit for withdrawing the steam.

5. In an apparatus for waving hair, 'a Waving mechanism, an electrically operated boiler for generating steam, a ilexible conduit 'connected with said boiler and ythe waving mechanism for conveying steam from the boiler to the Waving mechanism, a second flexible conduit concentric with and surrounding lthe first conduit Vfor -conveying the steam from the waving mechanism after the waving operation, yand a suction fan associated with said second conduit for withdrawing the steam,

6. In an rapparatus for waving hair, a waving mechanism, a winding mechanism for winding a lock of hair contained within the waving mechanism, a boiler for generating steam, a rflexible conduit associated with said boiler and waving mechanism for conveying steam to the waving mechanism, a second flexible conduit concentric with and surrounding the first conduit for conveying vthe steam from the waving 'mechanism after the Waving operation, afsuction fan associated with said second'conduit for withdrawing the steam, and a 4motor for operating said hair winding'mechanism of said Asuction fan.

7. In an apparatus for waving hair, a waving mechanism, va hollow guard member positioned beneath the waving mechanism and having its outer end exposed to the atmosphere, -an electrically operated boiler for generating steam, a conduit associated with said boiler and waving'mechanism for conveying steam to the waving mechanism, a second conduit concentric with and surroundingsaidrst conduit for conveying the steam from the waving mechanism after the waving operation, and suction means associated with said second conduit for withdrawing steam, said suction means also aspirating air through the guard member to cool the scalp.

8. In an apparatus for waving hair, Aa hair waving mechanism, a. hollow guard member positioned beneath the waving mechanism and having an open end in communication with the atmosphere, a device for generating steam, means to convey the steam to the waving mechanism, means to withdraw the steam after the waving of the hair and means to aspirate air through the hollow guard member to cool the scalp.V

9. In an apparatus for Waving hair, a hair wavwing mechanism, a hollow guard member positioned beneath the waving mechanism and having an open end in communication with the atmosphere, a boiler for generating steam, a conduit connecting the boiler with the waving mechanism to convey steam to the waving mechanism, a second conduit concentric with and surrounding the rst conduit to convey the steam from the waving mechanism after the waving operation and means to aspirate air through the hollow guard member to cool the scalp.

10. In an apparatus for waving hair, a hair waving mechanism, a hollow guard member positioned beneath the Waving mechanism and having an open end in communication with the atmosphere, a boiler for generating steam, a conduit connecting the boiler with the Waving mechanism to convey steam to the waving mechanism, a second conduit concentric with and surrounding the first conduit to convey the steam from the Waving mechanism after the waving operation, means to introduce air into the outgoing conduit and suction means to aspirate air through the guard member to cool the scalp,

l1. In an apparatus for waving hair, a waving mechanism, an electrically operated boiler for generating steam, a conduit associated with said boiler and said hair waving mechanism to convey steam to the hair waving mechanism, a second conduit concentric with and surrounding the first conduit for conveying the steam from the waving mechanism after the waving operation and suction means to withdraw the steam.

12. In an apparatus for waving hair embodying a hair treating chamber, a hair curling member disposed within said chamber, a source of steam, means to convey the steam to the treating chamber, an electric heater adjacent said chamber, a circuit for said electric heater, said circuit being normally closed when the apparatus is in operation, and means responsive to insufficiency of steam to control automatically said circuit.

13. In an apparatus for Waving hair embodying a hair treating chamber, a hair curling member disposed Within said chamber, an electrically operated boiler to generate steam, means to convey said steam to the treating chamber, an electric heater adjacent the chamber, a circuit for the electric heater, said circuit being normally closed when the apparatus is in operation, and means responsive'to insuihciency of steam within the boiler to control automatically said circuit.

FEIRNAN O1. CONILL. 

